Glossary

Traditional riding as practised in the Camargue region of France, especially to sort out wild bulls and also in the practice of rearing.

The cannon bone is characteristic of the developed ruminants whose two metacarpals (and the two metatarsals) are now joined together. This bone is situated between the phalanxes (fingers) on the one hand, and the carpal bones (equivalent to the wrist in man) or tarsal bones (equivalent to the back of the foot) on the other hand.

It is an ornamental blanket for the horses, used more specifically during ceremonies.

Caro and Jost used to be two of the main houses manufacturing game tables and casino material in the 19th century.

Generic word referring to two-wheeled light vehicles.

Offensive attack by the horse troops in battles, representing a decisive moment. From the Middle Ages to the 19^th century, the methods of this charge have changed according to the weapons and the tactics used. In the 17th century, the ‘caracole’ – successive attacks in the trot, followed by a half turn by the riders spread over a front line, after emptying their weapons – was the only strategy in use. In the 18th century, Maurice of Saxe, is the first one to understand that the cavalry must fight in an encounter with the other side and that its efficiency depends on its mass and speed. The cavalry’s charge in a gallop, invented by Maurice of Saxe, is then developed by Frederick of Prussia. The result is a new way of having a cavalry wing move – and a new conception of riding.

Barracks for the troops and horses.

A mammal’s teeth include cementum rings on the base, which look like the rings of a tree. Each ring represents a year. Comparing the width of the surface ring with the average thickness of the inner rings enables to estimate in which season it died, or when the archaeological site was occupied.

Narrow body coupé. A single- seater only.

Absence of testicle in a male’s bursae, on one side or both sides at the same time.

Initials referring to show jumping (Concours de Saut d'Obstacles). CSO / show jumping is one of the three Olympic riding events, the other two being dressage and three-day event.

Big cabriolet with a top, drawn by a pair of horses side by side, through a device called “curricle device” which is a combination of a helm, special harnesses and a piece of metal called the pump. The curricle is a very luxurious carriage.

Cutting is part of Western riding, namely tradition work riding as practised in the Western part of the United States to sort out cattle. Cutting consists in separating a calf from the rest of the cattle and keeping it isolated by preventing it from getting back to the group. Today, this exercise has become a fully recognised discipline. Some horses are particularly gifted in this work.